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1.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, CONASS, ColecionaSUS, SES-GO | ID: biblio-1532024

ABSTRACT

A mastectomia preventiva relacionada às neoplasias de mama precoces é um tema de grande importância na área da oncologia, especialmente para mulheres com alto risco genético de desenvolver câncer de mama. Objetivo: Descrever como a mastectomia relaciona-se com a prevenção de neoplasias de mama precoces. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Para construção da pesquisa, a coleta e análise de dados foi realizada através do Portal da Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde e da base de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online via PubMed, através dos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): "Mastectomia Profilática", "Neoplasias da Mama" e "Fatores de Risco" combinados entre si pelo operador booleano AND. Como critérios de inclusão: estudos relacionados à temática excluindo-se as revisões de literatura, com delimitação temporal dos últimos cinco anos, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol. A questão norteadora foi construída com base na estratégia PICo de acordo com a descrição (População, Interesse e Contexto). Resultados: Foram encontrados 76 artigos, destes 64 foram excluídos devido aos filtros utilizados e a leitura dos resumos e na íntegra, restando apenas 12 estudos para compor a amostra final. Em suma, os estudos demonstram que a mastectomia preventiva pode oferecer às mulheres com alto risco genético uma opção para reduzir suas chances de desenvolver câncer de mama. Conclusão: A mastectomia preventiva relacionada às neoplasias de mama precoces é uma opção terapêutica complexa e individualizada, que busca reduzir o risco de desenvolvimento ou recorrência do câncer de mama em mulheres de alto risco


: Preventive mastectomy related to early breast neoplasms is a topic of great concern in the field of oncology, especially for women with a high genetic risk of developing breast cancer. Objective: To describe how mastectomy is related to the prevention of early breast cancer. Methods: This is an integrative literature review. For the construction of the research, data collection and analysis was carried out through the Virtual Health Library Portal and the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online database via PubMed, through the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS): "Prophylactic Mastectomy","Breast Neoplasms" and "Risk Factors" combined with the Boolean AND operator. As inclusion criteria: studies related to the theme excluding literature reviews,with publication time delimitation of the last five years, in English, Portuguese and Spanish. The research question was structured based on the PICo strategy according to the description (Population, Interest and Context). Results: 76 articles were found, of which 64 were excluded after the filters application. We performed the reading of abstracts and full text, and 12 studies were selected to compose the final sample. In summary, studies demonstrate that preventive mastectomy can offer women at high genetic risk an option to reduce their chances of developing breast cancer. Conclusion: Preventive mastectomy related to early breast neoplasms is a complex and individualized therapeutic option that seeks to reduce the risk of breast cancer development or recurrence in high-risk women


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms , Early Detection of Cancer , Risk Factors , Prophylactic Mastectomy/psychology
2.
Rev. colomb. obstet. ginecol ; 72(3): 307-318, July-Sept. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1351955

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: describir el caso de una paciente con Síndrome de Li-Fraumeni (SLF) y cáncer de mama, en quien se cuestionó el beneficio en la supervivencia de la mastectomía profiláctica contralateral (MPC); asimismo, se pretende hacer una discusión crítica acerca de la evidencia que soporta este procedimiento en esta población. Presentación del caso: mujer de 37 años con cáncer de mama y múltiples antecedentes familiares de cánceres de temprana aparición del espectro del SLF, en quien, durante la adyuvancia hormonal, se confirmó una variante patogénica en el gen TP53. La paciente fue presentada en la Junta Multidisciplinaria del Servicio de Mama de un Centro Oncológico de referencia en Colombia, con el fin de discutir el beneficio de la MPC. La decisión de la junta fue no realizar la MPC. Después de 30 meses de seguimiento la paciente se encuentra libre de enfermedad. Conclusión: no existe evidencia que analice, de forma particular, el impacto de la MPC en la supervivencia de las pacientes con SLF y cáncer de mama. Sin embargo, a la luz del conocimiento actual no es posible generalizar la conducta de omitir esta cirugía profiláctica. Es importante reportar los casos en los que se decida realizar u omitir este procedimiento con el fin de incrementar el cuerpo de la evidencia, dado que existen limitaciones para construir grandes cohortes o estudios experimentales exclusivos para esta alteración genética.


Objective: To describe the case of a patient with Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) and breast cancer in whom the benefit of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) was challenged; and to offer a critical discussion regarding the evidence supporting this procedure in this patient population. Case presentation: A 37-year-old woman with breast cancer and a family history of multiple early onset cancer of the LFS spectrum in whom a pathogenic variant of the TP53 gene was confirmed during adjuvant hormonal therapy. The case was presented during the multidisciplinary meeting of the Breast Service of a referral oncology center in Colombia, in order to discuss the benefit of CPM. The decision of the board meeting was not to perform CPM. After 30 months of follow-up, the patient is disease-free. Conclusion: There is no evidence on the impact of CPM on survival of patients with LFS and breast cancer in particular. However, in light of the current knowledge, it is not possible to generalize the approach of withholding this prophylactic surgery. It is important to report those cases in which the decision is made to either perform or omit this procedure in order to increase the body of evidence, considering the limitations that make it difficult to build large cohorts or conduct trials exclusively for this genetic disorder.


Subject(s)
Female , Adult , Breast Neoplasms , Li-Fraumeni Syndrome , Genes, p53 , Prophylactic Mastectomy
3.
Rev. argent. mastología ; 39(144): 101-125, sept. 2020. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1150869

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La mastectomía de reducción de riesgo contalateral (MRRC) es una procedimiento que ha ido incrementándose en los últimos años sin demostrar un claro beneficio en cuanto a supervivencia global. Este incremento paradójicamente se ve reflejado en pacientes con bajo riesgo de desarrollar un carcinoma de mama contralateral. Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las características de las pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama unilateral, que optan por realizar MRRC y su calidad de vida, evaluado el procedimiento, la satisfacción global y el impacto que genera en las pacientes, tanto a nivel psicológico, cosmético, social y sexual. Material y método: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo transversal de pacientes con diagnostico de cáncer de mama unilateral tratadas con mastectomía que optaron por realizar MRRC entre el año 2005 y octubre del año 2019. Se incluyeron 74 pacientes que realizaron MRRC. Resultados: La edad de las pacientes fue de 43.6 años. Dentro de nuestra casuística el 92.8% de las pacientes se encuentran satisfechas reflejando una buena calidad de vida. La totalidad de las pacientes volvería a optar por este procedimiento y están satisfechas con la decisión tomada. Por el contrario el 7.2% no se encuentran satisfechas, reflejándose negativamente en su bienestar sexual, imagen corporal y comodidad frente a una reunión social. Conclusiones: Si bien el grado de satisfacción en cuanto a la realización de la MRRC es elevado, hay que tener en cuenta que este procedimiento no está libre de complicaciones y efectos adversos los cuales impactan en diferentes aspectos psicosociales de las pacientes afectando así su calidad de vida, Es por esto que la decisión para realizar este procedimiento debe ser contemplada con cuidado asesorando a las pacientes e informando tanto los riesgos como los beneficios del mismo.


Introduction: Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy (CPM) it's a procedure that has been increasing in the last years, without demonstrating a clear benefit in overall survival. Paradoxically this increase is reflected in low risk patients who decide to undergo CPM. Objetive: The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics of the patients with unilateral breast cancer who decide to undergo CPM, analyzing this procedure, evaluating quality of life, global satisfaction and the psychological, cosmetic social and sexual outcomes. Material and method: A restrospective trial was conducted on patients diagnosed with unilateral breast cancer, who underwent mastectomy and CPM between the year 2005 and october 2019. 74 patients were included in this tria. Results: The mean age of patients in this study was 43.6 years. In our study 92.8% of the patients were satisfied, reflecting this in their quality of life. All patients would choose this procedure again, and are satisfied with the decision they have mad. On the other end 7.2% were dissatisfied, reflecting this result negatively in their sexual well being, body image and comfort in social meeting. Conclusions: Although the rate of satisfaction with performance of CPM is elevated, we must consider that this procedure is not free of complications and adverse errects. In fact they do exist and they impact in different psychosocial aspect, and quality of lige. This is why the decision to carry out this procedure must be carefully considered, advising patients and informing both the risks and benefits of it.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Mastectomy , Personal Satisfaction , Quality of Life , Body Image , Unilateral Breast Neoplasms , Prophylactic Mastectomy
4.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 83(2): 182-193, abr. 2018. graf, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-959502

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN El cáncer epitelial de ovario representa uno de los tumores ginecológicos más letales ya que más del 75% de las pacientes son diagnosticadas en estadío avanzado. Aún no se ha demostrado que la realización de pruebas y exámenes pélvicos rutinarios haya reducido la mortalidad, no existiendo actualmente, un cribado eficaz para su diagnóstico precoz. Aunque la sintomatología metastásica extraperitoneal más común es el derrame pleural, las linfadenopatías neoplásicas a nivel supraclavicular aparecen hasta en el 4% de casos, generalmente asociándose a un mal pronóstico. La identificación de una adenopatía supraclavicular se relaciona hasta en un 58-83% de los casos, con el hallazgo de una tumoración maligna. Por otro lado, la dermatomiositis del adulto puede tener un origen paraneoplásico en un 15-25% de las ocasiones, siendo el cáncer de mama y de ovario la etiología más frecuente en la población femenina. Las pacientes portadoras de mutaciones en los genes BRCA 1 y 2 tienen un aumento del riesgo de padecer neoplasias de mama y ovario. En aquellas afectas de un cáncer de ovario y portadoras de una mutación en los genes BRCA, no se debería plantear una cirugía profiláctica de rutina sobre la mama, al menos en los primeros 5 años tras el diagnóstico de la neoplasia ovárica. Presentamos el caso de una paciente portadora de una mutación germinal del gen BRCA 1, que debuta con un cáncer de ovario, tras el estudio de una adenopatía neoplásica de cuello, biopsiada en el contexto de un síndrome paraneoplásico cutáneo.


ABSTRACT Epithelial ovarian cancer represents one of the most lethal gynecological tumors, since more than 75% of affected women are diagnosed at an advanced stage. However, studies have not demonstrated yet that performing routine pelvic exams and tests had reduced mortality in ovarian cancer, and currently there is no effective screening for early diagnosis. The most common extraperitoneal metastatic symptomatology of ovarian cancer is pleural effusion, but there are other, like neoplastic lymphadenopathies at supraclavicular level, described in up to 4% of cases and generally related to a poor prognosis. The identification of a supraclavicular adenopathy is associated with the finding of a malignant tumor in 58-83% of the cases. On the other hand, adult dermatomyositis can have a paraneoplastic origin in 15-25% of patients, being breast and ovarian cancer the most frequent etiology in the female population. Patients with BRCA 1 and 2 genes mutations have an increased risk of breast and ovarian malignancies. In those affected by an ovarian cancer and carriers of a mutation in the BRCA genes, routine prophylactic surgery should not be considered on the breast, at least in the first 5 years after the diagnosis of ovarian neoplasia. We present the case of a patient with a germinal mutation of the BRCA 1 gene, who debuts with an ovarian cancer, after the study of a neoplastic adenopathy of neck, biopsied in the context of a cutaneous paraneoplastic syndrome.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics , BRCA1 Protein/genetics , Dermatomyositis/complications , Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/diagnostic imaging , Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology , Biopsy , Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Risk Factors , Prophylactic Mastectomy , Mutation
5.
Medwave ; 18(4): e7160, 2018.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-912293

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las mujeres que poseen mutaciones en genes BRCA tienen un alto riesgo de desarrollar cáncer de mama. Por lo anterior, se han planteado múltiples estrategias preventivas dentro de las cuales se encuentra la mastectomía profiláctica. Existe controversia sobre si los beneficios de esta intervención superan al de una vigilancia activa, en especial considerando el impacto físico y psicológico asociado. MÉTODOS: Para responder esta pregunta utilizamos Epistemonikos, la mayor base de datos de revisiones sistemáticas en salud, la cual es mantenida mediante búsquedas en múltiples fuentes de información, incluyendo MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, entre otras. Extrajimos los datos desde las revisiones identificadas, analizamos los datos de los estudios primarios, realizamos un metanálisis y preparamos una tabla de resumen de los resultados utilizando el método GRADE. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES: Identificamos 13 revisiones sistemáticas que en conjunto incluyen 50 estudios primarios. Concluímos que si bien la mastectomía profiláctica se asocia a efectos adversos frecuentes, reduce la incidencia de cáncer de mama y la mortalidad, y podría asociarse a altos niveles de satisfacción.


INTRODUCTION: Women who have mutations in BRCA genes have a high risk of developing breast cancer. Therefore, multiple preventive strategies have been proposed, within which is prophylactic mastectomy. Considering physical and psychological effects of surgery, the controversy is established as to whether the preventive effect exceeds that of active vigilance. METHODS: To answer this question we used Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others. We extracted data from the systematic reviews, reanalyzed data of primary studies, conducted a meta-analysis and generated a summary of findings table using the GRADE approach. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We identified 13 systematic reviews including 50 studies overall. We concluded prophylactic mastectomy is associated with frequent adverse effects, but probably reduces the incidence of breast cancer and decreases mortality, in addition to being associated with high levels of satisfaction.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control , Watchful Waiting , Prophylactic Mastectomy/methods , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Databases, Factual , BRCA1 Protein/genetics , BRCA2 Protein/genetics , Mutation
6.
Rev. argent. cir. plást ; 21(3): 84-93, 20150000. fig, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1537185

ABSTRACT

La reconstrucción mamaria inmediata con implantes en mastectomía ahorradora de piel o adenomastectomía profiláctica presenta con frecuencia una cobertura débil y deficiente del polo inferior. Del mismo modo que en las cirugías de revisión de complicaciones de implantes mamarios por asimetrías o descenso de surco, sinmastia o contractura capsular, en nuestra práctica privada. El uso de mallas biológicas y sintéticas ha crecido a nivel mundial. Presentamos nuestra experiencia en el uso de mallas parcialmente absorbibles para la cobertura del polo inferior de la mama. Las mismas que son usadas con frecuencia en nuestro medio en cirugía general


In skin sparing mastectomy and prophylactic mastectomy with immediate breast implant reconstruction is usual the weak and deficient coverage. In the same way, the revision procedures of the breast implant complication such us bottoming out, fold malposition, synmastia or capsular contracture in our private practices. The biologic and synthetic mesh has increase all around the world in order to reinforce the lower pole. The partial absorbable mesh is our alternative in breast reconstruction and revision surgery in breast cosmetic implant


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Surgical Mesh , Tissue Expansion Devices , Breast Implantation/methods , Prophylactic Mastectomy/methods
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